Lot 4: BORGIA

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Description: BORGIA
Ecole Italienne du XVIIe siècle
1 - Trois villageois conversant devant la mer
Plume et encre brune. Filet d'encadrement à la plume et encre brune. Collé sur feuilles (quelques taches et rousseurs).
Signé en bas à gauche à la plume Borgia
En bas à droite paraphe de la collection William Esdaille (Lugt. 2617)
sur la feuille de montage
H. 20 - L. 14,7 cm

2 - Villageois en chemin
Plume et encre brune. Filet d'encadrement à la plume et encre brune. Collé sur feuille (Trace de pliure horizontale dans la partie inférieure ; taches d'humidité).
En bas à droite paraphe de la collection William Esdaille (Lugt. 2617)
sur la feuille de montage
Annoté en bas à la plume Borio ; au revers paraphe de la collection WE Pib ( ?).
H. 20 - 14,7 cm

Provenance présumée : Londres, vente des dessins de la collection William Esdaille (1758 - 1837), 2 mars ou 17 juin ou 30 juin 1840.
(dbs)


(Voir les reproductions) MG 0072 ET 0075

Notes: Italian Renaissance painting is the painting of the period beginning in the late 13th century and flourishing from the early 15th to late 16th centuries, occurring in the Italian peninsula, which was at that time divided into many political areas.
The painters of Renaissance Italy, although often attached to particular courts and with loyalties to particular towns, nonetheless wandered the length and breadth of Italy, often occupying a diplomatic status and disseminating both artistic and philosophical ideas.
[1]The city that is renowned as the birthplace of the Renaissance and in particular, Renaissance painting, is Florence.
A detailed background is given in the companion articles Renaissance and Renaissance architecture.
Italian Renaissance painting can be divided into four periods: the Proto-Renaissance (1300-1400), the Early Renaissance (1400-1475), the High Renaissance (1475-1525), and Mannerism (1525-1600).
These dates are approximations rather than specific points because the lives of individual artists and their personal styles overlapped the different periods.
The Proto-Renaissance begins with the professional life of the painter Giotto and includes Taddeo Gaddi, Orcagna and Altichiero.
The Early Renaissance was marked by the work of Masaccio, Fra Angelico, Paolo Uccello, Piero della Francesca and Verrocchio.
The High Renaissance period was that of Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael.
The Mannerist period included Andrea del Sarto, Pontormo and Tintoretto.
Mannerism is dealt with in a separate article.
Michelangelo and Titian both lived into the second half of the 16th century.
Both saw their styles and those of Leonardo, Mantegna, Giovanni Bellini, Antonello da Messina and Raphael adapted by later painters to form a disparate style known as Mannerism, and move steadily towards the great outpouring of imagination and painterly virtuosity of the Baroque period.
The artist who most extended the trends in Titian's large figurative compositions is Tintoretto, although his personal manner was such that he only lasted nine days as Titian's apprentice.
Rembrandt's knowledge of the works of both Titian and Raphael is apparent in his portraits.
The direct influences of Leonardo and Raphael upon their own pupils was to effect generations of artists including Poussin and schools of Classical painters of the 18th and 19th centuries.
Antonello da Messina's work had a direct influence on Albrecht Dürer and Martin Schongauer and through the latter's engravings, countless artists including the German, Dutch and English schools of stained glass makers extending into the early 20th century.
[16]Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling and later The Last Judgment had direct influence on the figurative compositions firstly of Raphael and his pupils and then almost every subsequent 16th century painter who looked for new and interesting ways to depict the human form.
It is possible to trace his style of figurative composition through Andrea del Sarto, Pontormo, Bronzino, Parmigianino, Veronese, to el Greco, Carracci, Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin and Tiepolo to both the Classical and the Romantic painters of the 19th century such as Jacques Louis David and Delacroix.
Under the influence of the Italian Renaissance painting, many modern academies of art, such as the Royal Academy, were founded, and it was specifically to collect the works of the Italian Renaissance that some of the world's best known art collections, such as the National Gallery, London, were formed.

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